For many years, we have been discussing the structures and necessary change processes in our defence industries, both before and after the "turnaround". This also concerned the maritime sector in particular: How should things proceed here? More or less state? National consolidation or European integration? More specialisation and niches or maintaining the claim to the full breadth of naval armaments in national hands? In contrast to new approaches to European army and air armaments, the issue has never been clarified, at least until now. What the debates were unable to achieve is now being sorted out