The battle for the harbours
Those who destroy access to the seas are strangling Ukraine. Ukraine's harbours have been closed since the beginning of the war, and now several important grain export plants and steelworks have also been badly hit by shelling. These include a plant belonging to agricultural giant Bunge in Mykolaiv on the Black Sea and the large Azovstal steelworks in Mariupol. Russian attacks on some of Ukraine's most important export centres are destroying the infrastructure. It will take a long time before supply chains can be rebuilt. Ukraine generates around 40 % of its gross domestic product through exports. Wheat and maize account for around USD 8 billion of this and iron ore for USD 3.4 billion....
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