Naval offensive: Putin invests billions in the navy
On 11 April 2025, Russian President Vladimir Putin announced an extensive investment programme for the navy of the Russian Federation. Around 87 billion euros are to be invested in new ships, submarines and state-of-the-art weapons systems over ten years (until 2035). Compared to overall Western budgets, the sum seems rather modest, but it will have a considerable impact in the specific Russian cost environment and represents a significant investment in the Russian navy. An attempt to classify Moscow's annual expenditure in the budget chapter "National Defence" in the years 2022 to 2025 is between 4.2 and 5 trillion roubles (Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation) - corresponding to around 44 to 53 billion...
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